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Jungholz, Austria

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Added by vindheim
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Jungholz is a sub Alpine village and district within Austria although in effect it is an exclave of that country being almost completely surrounded by Germany. Its only link to the rest of Austria is via the summit of the 1,636 metre high Sorgschrofen mountain The border was fixed here by a treaty between Bavaria and Austria in December 1850, possibly those deciding the treaty did not realise that the border points met at the top of a rather difficult to access mountain! There are thus borders extending in four directions from the summit. This is called a quadripoint and in this case, Germany is to the east and west whilst Austria is to the north and south.

The lack of a road connection to anywhere else in Austria led to Jungholz being included in the German customs area until Austria joined the EU in 1995 and even today the exclave continues to use German VAT rates. Letters to Jungholz can be addressed with either a German or an Austrian postcode (D-87491 and A-6691, respectively). Until the introduction of the euro in 2000, Jungholz used DM. There were three Austrian banks in the territory of some 300 people - probably in order to benefit from German investors seeking to profit from Austrian banking secrecy.

The first documentary mention of Jungholz was a purchase contract between Hermann Häselin, a resident of Wertach and Heinz Lochpühler from the Tannheimer Tal which was concluded on 24 June 1342. This brought the area from Bavaria to Tyrol and remained there despite several border disputes. The definitive establishment of the borders between the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Austrian Empire took place by means of the border treaty of 1844 and was confirmed by a further treaty of 1850. After the Nazi occupation of Austria in March 1938, Jungholz was part of the Sonthofen district from 15 October 1938 to the 19 September 1945.

The local coat of arms shows a green branch, growing from a wing of the Tyrolese eagle, symbolizes the history of settlement and the affiliation of Jungholz to Tyrol.

In 1948 Jungholz had the first ski lift to be installed in the Reutte district and the Tannheimer Tal region. It also profits from tourism in both the winter and summer.
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